The debate surrounding the use and legalization of marijuana has persisted for decades, with many different opinions on its potential benefits and harms. While many advocate for its therapeutic properties and possible low potential for addiction, others including a growing number of healthcare providers are concerned about the adverse effects of marijuana on mental health and overall well-being.
This article delves into the nuances of marijuana use and explores the benefits and risks. We will also provide a balanced perspective on the overall impact of marijuana today.
Understanding Marijuana
Marijuana, commonly known as cannabis, is derived from the Cannabis sativa plant and contains a psychoactive compound called tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The plant has been used for various purposes throughout history, ranging from medicinal to recreational and spiritual contexts.
Now that marijuana has become legal for medical use in many countries and has even become legal for recreational use in some, the perception of marijuana has shifted significantly in recent years.
Benefits of Marijuana
Research suggests that certain components of marijuana, such as cannabidiol (CBD), possess therapeutic properties that can alleviate symptoms associated with various medical conditions, including chronic pain, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and certain mental health disorders.
Additionally, some cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy have reported that marijuana helps to alleviate nausea and stimulate appetite, contributing to an improved quality of life during treatment.
Many also argue that marijuana is a safer alternative to other substances commonly used for pain management, such as opioids. Because of the lower potential for addiction and overdose, it has been suggested that Marijuana has a potential role in addressing the opioid crisis as it provides a less harmful option for individuals suffering from chronic pain.
Risks and Concerns
Despite the arguments in favor of marijuana, there are still concerns regarding its potential risks, especially when used recreationally and among certain populations. The high levels of THC in some marijuana strains can lead to adverse effects on cognitive functions, particularly in those whose brains are still in the developmental stage. Prolonged use among teenagers has been linked to impaired memory, decreased cognitive function, and an increased risk of developing mental health disorders such as schizophrenia.
Moreover, marijuana has the potential to help alleviate pain. Because of this, long-term use of cannabis for pain management may lead to the development of tolerance, resulting in higher doses needed for the same effect. This can potentially increase the risk of dependence and addiction, particularly among those at higher risk of substance use disorders.
The Impact on Mental Health
While some studies suggest that CBD, a non-psychoactive component of marijuana, may have therapeutic effects for certain mental health conditions, such as anxiety and PTSD, the relationship between THC and mental health is actually more complex.
Studies indicate that regular and heavy use of high-THC marijuana may be associated with an increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders, especially in individuals with a predisposition to these conditions. Long-term marijuana use has actually been linked to an increased risk of developing depression and anxiety disorders, challenging the idea that marijuana is entirely beneficial for mental health.
Balancing Perspectives
Legalizing marijuana presents a challenge as lawmakers have to strike a balance between addressing public health concerns and respecting individual freedoms.
For those who use marijuana recreationally it’s important to understand that while Marijuana has the potential for several benefits as discussed above, using marijuana can also present many risks.
Today, dosages of THC are often concentrated much higher than they have been in the past leading to more potent effects. In addition, we do not yet understand all the effects that the long-term use of marijuana can have on such things as neurocognitive function, cancer risk, metabolic function, or cardiovascular health.
If you actively use marijuana, we recommend weighing the risks and benefits of long-term chronic use. Keep in mind that marijuana is still a psychotropic substance that can lead to dependence and may have both short-term as well as potential long-term effects on your health that we may not yet know. You should always avoid marijuana use in certain settings such as when driving or when clear decision-making is needed.
Lastly, avoid using marijuana around those who may still be undergoing neurocognitive development or those who are at risk for potential harm from THC exposure such as children or the elderly. While there is no known toxicity level, marijuana use is not completely without harm and should be used in a way that does not increase the risk of immediate harm to yourself or others.
Dr. Sergio Guiteau is a physician who is board-certified in Family Practice and Sports Medicine with added certifications in Aesthetic Medicine. He specializes in Preventive Medicine, Sports Medicine, and Anti-Aging Medicine and blogs on Advancedrejuv.com/blog